Everything you wanted to know about LEDs but were afraid to ask

Historians are still sorting out exactly who contributed what and when, but the published literature shows that in 1962, Robert Rediker at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology demonstrated LEDs that glowed in the infrared range, and Nick Holonyak at General Electric demonstrated red LEDs. Over the following 30 years, LEDs found a niche market as indicator lamps on circuit boards and for displays on digital clocks.